Sullivan on religious authority

August 29, 2009 · 18 comments

Winnifred Fallers Sullivan

Winnifred Fallers Sullivan, director of the Law and Religion Program at SUNY’s University at Buffalo Law School, discussing one of the themes in her new book:

"[There is] a new openness to seeing Americans as naturally 'faith-based,' enabled, I believe, by a convergence between a broad range of humanistic critiques of scientistic understandings of the person, social scientific and biological; social and political movements that originated in the mid-twentieth century; and a contemporaneous shift in religious authority and anthropology from the church to the individual. The exclusivity of materialist/medicalized understandings of the entire range of human capabilities and experience, as well as ecclesiastical capacity to insist on orthodoxy and particularity, are both fast eroding in the face of these changes. It’s a next step in the radical disestablishment of religion in this country. This shift toward locating authority in the individual means that it’s much easier for people to move among religious communities, religious ideas, and religious practices in a much more ambiguous way, a way that is less determined by someone outside oneself."

Sullivan doesn't say whether this shift in authority from corporate to individual is bad, she just say that it is. So what do you think?

Do you sense a shift in religious authority from corporate to individual?

Is this affecting "ecclesiastical capacity to insist on orthodoxy and particularity" (think ELCA Churchwide Assembly)?

Is it creating a new generation of religious nomads?

Chime in!

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  • http://www.lutheranforums.com/blog/ Ron Amundson

    Their is a lot of growth in the realm of perpetual church shopping, nomad Christians, and dechurched loan rangers. The shift from corporate to individual does play a role for sure, but I also wonder how much its an authority issue on an individual church level. More so, I think its society in generals increased reluctance to accept things based upon location and family tradition, combined with a greater willingness to question and explore.

    I think its important to look at ecclesiastical capacity in light of this. The ELCA bound conscience thing makes a lot of sense, knowing the diversity of non-reconcilable beliefs that exist. By the same token, go back in history, and if you asked folks to be brutally honest as to whether they ascribe to the BoC in full, chances are very few would be willing to do so. I don't see diversity in beliefs as anything new per se, but more so its much more out in the open.

    Absolutely, there are many more nomads than before.

  • http://www.lutheranzephyr.com Chris

    Yes, to both you and to Ron, above.

    Long before Tim Wengert eloquently articulated the "bound conscience" congregations were held together less so by a shared set of beliefs than by a shared experience of the Word, less so by doctrine than by a Spirit. We've been places of diverse perspectives on important issues for a long time …

  • http://intensedebate.com/people/jakebouma Jake Bouma

    Thanks for your input, Ron. Can you speak more to this: "I also wonder how much its an authority issue on an individual church level."?

  • http://intensedebate.com/people/jakebouma Jake Bouma

    Very true, Chris. Thanks for commenting.

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  • Beenie

    Ok I've been rolling this around in my head for several days now but am hesitant to comment given my exactly zero theological background. Curse you jakebouma.com for making me think. Like you, I was drawn to the question of whether the shift from corporate to individual is good or bad. I think its interesting the thesis is posited from something of an egocentric American viewpoint – this might be a new shift in modern America, but would it seem new to, say, 16th Century Germans? But I digress. If we are called as disciples to constantly grow deeper in our faith, to change and move and not rest on our laurels, isn't individual movement good?
    (continued below)

  • Beenie

    I realize not all individualilty exercised in the church is good. Not to pick on catholics, but the phrase "cafeteria catholic" is not meant as a compliment. Or say I'm this guy who wants to have several wives, so I make up a story about an angel coming to tell me that the real story of God is that He is in heaven making babies with all of His wives and I have to make lots of babies here to make way for the souls of all the heavenly babies so they aren't born to the gentiles. Then a whole bunch of people follow me. We get cults from that type of individual movement.
    (continued below)

  • Beenie

    But that doesn't mean we should be in lockstep with the church (little "c"). Whether it be the ELCA or UMC or whatever, aren't we called as disciples to be in constant study, constantly learning and growing in our faith through study of the Word? Isn't it our job as members of the Church (big "C") to keep tabs on the corporate leadership to make sure they, and we, are accountable to the teachings of the One True God? It was in that spirit that Jesus and his original disciples took the Word to the people, the same spirit that moved Martin Luther or the Wesleys. So if the shift to the individual is biblical based, I say AMEN!

  • http://intensedebate.com/people/jakebouma Jake Bouma

    Dang, Beenie. Thanks for the comments. I think you're absolutely correct to make a distinction between 1) location of shift (America and Western cultures vs. Easter cultures), and 2) time of shift (21st century vs. 17th century). If you can think back this far, in the class I taught on postmodernism, individualism really got started in the (Western) Industrial Revolution and has been picking up steam since (especially in terms of authority).

    The question of it being good or bad, I think, is less an issue of discipleship, and more an issue of authority. We're not talking about individuals taking becoming more spiritually disciplined… we're talking about individuals believing LESS authority lies in institutions in general (churches, government, corporations, etc.). So to whom to people turn for insight and spiritual guidance?

  • http://intensedebate.com/people/jakebouma Jake Bouma

    Another good point. I think you're talking about discipleship-in-community which is a great (and I believe necessary) thing. The issue you're raising isn't authority so much as it is accountability. If I practice my faith in isolation, I have no way to converse with my spiritual sojourners.

  • http://intensedebate.com/people/jakebouma Jake Bouma

    Well if you're going to bring that up, we can talk about how there isn't really ANY semblance of institutionalized-style churches in the Bible. That's not to say that churches like the ELCA, UMC, PCUSA, SBC, etc. are UN-Biblical – because most believe they're being faithful to the teachings of scripture and tradition – but that we've done an awful lot of justifying things from the Bible after-the-fact. Anyway, I think you're correct… we DO need to be in study, prayer, and conversation about the decisions of the Church.

    Thanks for taking the time to leave your thoughts!

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